Dr Haisook's Medicopedia

Most common adnexal masses according to age

drhaisook — Thu, 17 Mar 2011 14:50:13 +0000

Tests to order in pregnant women in each trimester

drhaisook — Thu, 17 Mar 2011 13:33:14 +0000

Algorithms in treating cardiac emergencies

drhaisook — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 19:01:02 +0000

Discussion on this figure can be found here.

2010 in review

drhaisook — Sun, 02 Jan 2011 08:02:28 +0000

The stats helper monkeys at WordPress.com mulled over how this blog did in 2010, and here’s a high level summary of its overall blog health:

The Blog-Health-o-Meter™ reads This blog is on fire!.

Crunchy numbers

A helper monkey made this abstract painting, inspired by your stats.

About 3 million people visit the Taj Mahal every year. This blog was viewed about 32,000 times in 2010. If it were the Taj Mahal, it would take about 4 days for that many people to see it.

The busiest day of the year was October 20th with 186 views. The most popular post that day was Obstructive vs Restrictive lung diseases.

Where did they come from?

The top referring sites in 2010 were search.conduit.com, ifreestores.com, search.aol.com, google.com, and medicopedia.blogspot.com.

Some visitors came searching, mostly for renal tubule, proximal convoluted tubule, heart failure, obstructive vs restrictive lung disease, and renal tubules.

Attractions in 2010

These are the posts and pages that got the most views in 2010.

Obstructive vs Restrictive lung diseases January 2009
2 comments

Renal physiology and diuretics November 2005
9 comments

Human Diseases caused by Arthropod Parasites July 2006
54 comments

Success Stories of Paranoid Schizophrenia Cases June 2006
38 comments

Delirium: Three Types June 2006
4 comments

USMLE Step 1 Relevant Tips & Mnemonics – [ANATOMY] [Part 1]

drhaisook — Wed, 15 Dec 2010 13:34:05 +0000

Commonest root to multiple upper limb nerves: C6 – common to all UL nerves except ulnar nerve. Consider this root if presented with multiple UL defects.
Hepatoduodenal ligament: contains the portal triad + epiploic foramen of Winslow that separates between the Left Lesser sac & the Rt gReater sac. This ligament is just anterior to the IVC.
Bifurcation of the aorta is at the level of L4 “at L4, you get 4 new arteries (2 internal iliacs & 2 external iliacs!)”
Perforated gastric ulcer will likely erode into the left & right gastric arteries (running on the lesser curvature, the most common site of gastric ulcers).
Indirect inguinal hernia is covered by external and internal spermatic fascia and cremaster, while direct inguinal hernia is covered by external spermatic fascia only.
Right parietal lobe lesion (e.g. dt a right middle cerebral artery stroke) leads to spatial neglect syndrome: agnosia of the contralateral side of the world i.e. the left side.
CN XI arises from the cervical spinal cord, but exits from the medulla oblongata.
The only muscle that opens the mouth is the lateral pterygoid.
In cavernous sinus thrombosis, CN VI is affected first because it courses centrally. This nerve is also affected first in a lateral expansion of a pituitary tumors.
Optic disk atrophy + cupping = glaucoma. Optic disk enlargement + blurred margins = papilledema (increased ICP).

Renal physiology and diuretics : [REVISITED]

drhaisook — Tue, 10 Mar 2009 21:11:53 +0000

I’m presenting here content already posted before, but it has gotten much attention and acclaim from my visitors, so I thought I’d re-publish it. It has also been used in Wikipedia in three articles.

It’s an illustration I’ve made a long time ago on the renal physiology and corresponding diuretics. My visitors liked it so much. One of them, va, used it for his MRCS exam, and another one, khairul Majumder, showed the illustration to the nurses, explaining to them the basics of the renal physiology.

Head over to the original post to view a full-sized version of the illustration, read the detailed description, and be able to comment.

Notes on Myocardial Infarction

drhaisook — Fri, 30 Jan 2009 20:46:44 +0000

SITE
• Largely localized to left ventricle

TYPES (ACC. TO DEPTH)
• Transmural (“Prolonged-” Q wave MI)
• Subendocardial (Non-Q wave MI or Non-ST Elevation MI; NSTEMI)

TYPES (ACC. TO SITE)
Type: Corresponding EKG changes in
• Inferior: Leads II, III, aVF
• Anterior: Leads V1-V4
• Lateral: Leads I, aVL, V4-V6
• Posterior: Leads V1, V2 (Tall T, ST depression)

DEFINITE DIAGNOSIS
By EKG
• ST segment changes, or
• New LBBB (left bundle branch block)

EKG PATTERNS
• Transmural MI (Q wave MI):
Hyperacute T & ST elevation » T-wave inversion » prolonged Q
• Non-Q-Wave MI (Also termed non-ST elevation MI, or NSTEMI):
ST depression » persistent ST-T-wave changes without Q-wave development

Hypersensitivity Reactions

drhaisook — Sun, 25 Jan 2009 17:46:59 +0000

Quick intro:
Hypersensitivity reactions occur due to the introduction of a certain antigen (Ag) which the body finds foreign and thus tries to eliminate it with the help of certain cells and antibodies (Ab). This conflict produces an immune process, a war-like phenomenon known as hypersensitivity reaction.

Remember the mnemonic: [ ACID ]:

Type I; Anaphylactic/Atopic
- Mast cell or basophil + Ag + IgE
- e.g. Anaphylaxis (e.g. to penicillin), Asthma

Type II; Cytotoxic (kills cells)
- Affected cell + Ag + IgM/IgG
- e.g. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, Rh factor dse, Rheumatic fever

Type III; Immune complex
- Ag + Ab + complement (e.g. C3, C5)
- e.g. Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, SLE, Rheumatoid arthritis

Type IV; Delayed (T-cell mediated)
- T lymphocytes + Ag » formation of lymphokines
- e.g. TB skin test, Transplant rejection, Contact dermatitis

Some information, including the mnemonic, was taken from First Aid for USMLE Step 1 book.

Causes of Hemoptysis

drhaisook — Thu, 22 Jan 2009 18:34:48 +0000

Most common
• Bronchogenic Carcinoma (++)
• Pulmonary Infarction (++)
• T.B. (+)

Common
• Bronchiectasis
• Lung abscess (+ pus)
• Bronchitis (acute; chronic; COPD)

Uncommon
• Tumors of Trachea, Larync
• Bronchial Adenoma
• Lung secondaries

Others
• Chest trauma
• F.B.
• Iatrogenic

Abnormalities of Heart Beats

drhaisook — Sat, 17 Jan 2009 18:13:45 +0000

¶ S1
• pronounced in MS
• weak in MR/MP

¶ S2
weak in both AS and AR

¶ S3 (blood splash!)
• comes just after S2 (early diastole)
• lub-dub-‘dub’
• normal in children, young adults, athletes, pregnancy, fever
• abnormal in others
• cause:
large poorly contractile left ventricle usually due to volume overload
“blood from pulmonary veins forcefully hits the inside of the LARGE ventricle making this sound”. This is common in MR and AR.

¶ S4 (atrium contracts!)
• comes just before S1 (late diastole)
• ‘da’-lub-dub
• almost always abnormal
• cause:
left ventricle hypertrophy (not enlargement) due to an obstructive cause
“atrium forcefully contracts to get blood into the highly tense muscular ventricle”. It is common in HTN, AS, MS “late”, restrictive cardiomyopathy.